Murashige and Skoog basal medium

Murashige and Skoog basal salt medium includes the macro- and micronutrients and vitamins as described by Murashige and Skoog, 1962. It supports or facilitates plant growth and/or shoots proliferation in two or more plant tissue cultures. Murashige and Skoog medium is a widely used plant tissue culture growth medium. M&S Basal Medium contains macronutrients that include high levels of nitrate and organic additives such as agar, sugars, vitamins and growth regulators. It has proven effective in the culture of tissue derived from moncotyledons and dicotyledons. This medium, originally formulated to support tobacco callus, has been used to support callus initiation and growth, the growth of cells in suspension culture and the regeneration of shoots and plantlets from explants. More recently, it has been used for micropropagation of ornamental, vegetable and fruit plants in research and commercial enterprises.

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